信函翻译
作者：jnscsh 时间：2020-08-26 10:08:37 浏览次数：次
外贸信函翻译与特点
一.与结尾礼词
常用称呼：
Dear Sirs Dear Madam My Dear Sir Dear Mr. Brown My Dear Mrs. Hartley Gentlemen
注：
对女性的称呼，无论是已婚还是未婚，都统称：Dear Madam ，切忌用Dear Miss。
英国人偏爱使用Dear Sirs ，而美国人偏爱使用Dear Gentlemen。
Gentlemen仅用复数形式，不用单数形式，也不用Dear Gentlemen。
My Dear Mrs. Hartley 并不意味着比 Dear Mrs. Hartley更密切，相反，前者是更为正式的称呼。
英文外贸信件里的称呼往往是喝结尾礼词紧密相关的。英文外贸信件中常用的结尾礼词：
Yours truly,
Yours sincerely,
Yours faithfully,
如何将这些称呼和结尾礼词译成汉语，是十分重要的问题。最糟糕的莫过于错将：Dear Madam译成：“亲爱的夫人”而将“Yours sincerely”译成你的忠诚“。
从许多应汉对照的有关外贸信件的书籍来看，其做法不尽相同。若是泛称“Gentlemen”或“Dear Sirs”，或“My Dear Sirs”，有的坐着干脆回避不译，有的则简单地译作“先生”，略过“Dear”或“My Dear”，还有的则沿用我国旧式书信中的启事语，如“敬启者”，“谨启者”，也有的采用我国旧式书信中的敬称，如“执事先生”，“台鉴”；如果是确称具体的人，如“Dear Mr. Yang”则译为“样先生台鉴”。除“台鉴”外，类似的经此还有“惠鉴”、“玉鉴”、大鉴”、尊鉴”、勋鉴”等。需要指出的是，这些汉语旧式书信中的敬此使用，还得根据对象（是常备还是平辈，是政界还是商界等）加以选择。作为为公司的文秘人员，如果你所译的信件是给这类人看的话，那么这种译法就比较得体。否则，现在的年轻人并不喜欢这样的称呼，这种措辞显然已不合时宜，倒不如按现代的书信格式，简单的译成：
某某先生/某某女士/某某同志：
您好！
汉译英的情况也值得注意。在汉语的书信称呼里，如果是寄给认得，人们往往习惯于在收信人的姓名后面加上头衔或职业名称，如：“李教授”、“王老师”、“张局长”“肖经理”。但在英语信件中，只有少数显要的头衔才可以用于称呼，如“Professor（教授）”，“Doctor（博士）”，“President（总统）”，“Mayor（市长）”。因此，“布朗教授”，在称呼里可英译为“Dear Professor Brown”，但“布朗老师”、“布朗局长”、“布朗经理”等，只好按照英语的表达习惯，统称为“Dear Mr. Brown”。如果收信人是已婚女性，则译为“Dear Mrs. Brown”。
至于英文外贸信件的结尾礼辞，事实上只不过写信人对收信人的一种谦称，不必照字面直译为“你的忠诚的“等。我国公函中有相当的礼辞，如“敬启”、“谨上”、“敬上”。在特定场合也可译为：“顺致敬意！”，或写成两行：
此致
敬礼！
或
此致
Xxx谨上
如果是回信也可译成“xxx谨复”。在信件本身有较得体的结束语的情况下，这种结尾礼辞甚至可以忽略不译。另外，某些单证（如信用证）里也常见到“Yours faithfully”，这种套语，在这种场合译成“谨此”也很得体。如果是汉译英，解决的办法就更为简单，什么“谨启”、“谨上”、“敬上”之类，则可根据信头的称呼，统统还原为“Yours sincerely”或 “Yours truly”等。但有一点值得注意。即汉语信尾的那些礼辞是可有可无的，但英语信的结尾礼辞则是必不可少的组成部分，因此，汉语原文信尾及时没有使用像“谨启”、“谨上”、“敬上”之类，也应相应地增译“Yours sincerely”或“Yours truly”等。
英语信件结尾常用套语：
Your favourable information will be appreciated. 恭候佳音！
Your early reply will be highly appreciated. 如蒙早复，不甚感激！
Awaiting your immediate reply. 请即复！
二.不同情况下“请”字的英译。
1. 使用“please”
请告之我方交货日期月付款要求。
Please let us know your delivery date and conditions of payment.
2. 使用“kindly”
请将两份提单由不同的邮班寄来，同时开来30天汇票以便承兑。
Kindly send us 2 Bills of Lading by separate posts, together with your draft at 30 days for acceptance.
3. 使用“be appreciated ”
请从速办理本订单为荷。
Your prompt attention to this order would be highly appreciated.
使用“It would be appreciated if you would…”结构
请贵公司产品图解一份为荷。
It would be appreciated if you would send us an illustrated catalog of your manufactures.
使用“we shall appreciate it if you will…”结构
请报50吨花生实盘。
We shall appreciate it if you will make us a firm offer for 50 tons of peanuts.
使用“We shall (should) be grateful / obliged if you can (will /could/would)…”结构
请告你方市场详情。
We shall be grateful / obliged if you can provide us with the manufacturers for their reference?
使用“主动语态”
根据双方协议条款，我们已开具了该批船货的即期汇票，通过此处中国银行赚取，请见票付款。
According to the terms agreed upon, we have drawn on you at sight against shipment through Bank of China here. We would ask you to protect draft upon presentation.
使用“被动语态”
恳请你方尽力早日解决这一悬而未决的问题。
You` are kindly requested to exert your best effort to wind up the long-standing issue at early date.
根据上下文省译
Awaiting your immediate reply.
使用“wish”
敬请注意，我方客户急需合同货物。
We wish to draw your attention to the fact that our clients are in urgent need of the contracted goods.
三.
在快鱼吃慢鱼的IT业界，速度和效率一直是大家共同追求的工作原则，但对于以创作为
根源的游戏设计公司却更应注重人性的潜能开发管理。完善的组织架构未必可以带来好
的效率，恰恰是公司制定了工作目标和方向后，由团队自行开发完成。给予员工最大的空间---即宽松式管理（以人为本）
In IT industry where the early bird catches the worm, speed and efficiency are the only working principle pursued by us. However, when it comes to the game industry based on the innovation, it emphasizes more on the management of the development of the human potential capacity. A complete frame of organization is not certain to bring about good efficiency. Indeed, company is to set up the object and direction of a project, and the team develops and finishes it independently. The company should offer the employees the largest margin, which is the type of loose management (human-oriented type).
什么都在变，只有人性从来没有变。人性不喜欢被管，有人管就不自在。人性喜欢理，
喜欢被看得起。在抓住这些管理特点的同时，还需各岗分工明确且细化，并经常和团队
成员进行不定时沟通，以达领导和队员的认知一致。另，为保持创意的新颖和充足，可
设立了创意日，或组织队员定期去看电影、展会，以吸纳各方面的创意资源。。。
Everything changes except human nature. People enjoy the freedom from being controlled, or they would feel uneasy. Moreover, people enjoy being admired. Therefore, it is vital to realize and grasp such characteristics of management. Meanwhile, it is necessary to define and specify the contents of various positions, and communicate with team members irregularly. This can make a consensus between the leader and other team members over problems. Besides, in order to keep the novelty and abundance of initiatives, it is good for the company to set up a“Day of Initiatives”, or organize team members to watch movies and go to exhibitions so that they can have the sources of new initiatives.
如我有幸参与公司管理，在上任后我首先要对整个公司进行深入了解后进行一个梳理，
逐渐扭转一些不良的工作习惯。在专业上我将从如下五项工作进行开展：第一，严把招
人关，招人时选择心态好、责任心强、工作负责的求职者，让新员工的引进逐渐带动整
体向着好的方面转化；第二，提升培训，加强对新员工的入职培训和对在职员工的在职
培训，让员工了解公司的规章制度，从思想上同化员工，建立统一的价值观；第三，有
效执行奖惩制度，在制度上坚持“奖多罚少、特殊重大违纪重罚”的原则，让员工逐渐
与公司同步发展，沿着正确方向前进，对个别态度不端屡教不改的员工处以重罚以起到
杀鸡儆猴的作用；第四，逐渐增加员工福利，如每周末会餐，月末组织活动等，加强员
工对新任人事的认同感，避免员工产生“新上任人事过于严厉，不近人情，什么事都只
为老板着想，不从员工角度考虑”的看法：第五，建立个人职业形象，增加个人号召力
，以个人行为作为员工榜样，逐渐感化员工。
If I am lucky to get integrated in the administration of the company, I will make efforts to have a deep understanding of it, and then I will rearrange it if possible so that some bad working habits could be corrected. Five measures based on the principles of management and administration would be taken by me as below.
First, strictly recruit new employees. Those with good mind, responsibility will be recruited. Therefore, the gradual employment of such fresh employees can lead the team to a better direction.
Second, improve the training. The on-job training of the new and old employees will be emphasized, which can make both employees know the rules and regulations of the company, and have the same outlook of value.
Third, effectively carry out the rewarding and punishing rules. The principle of more rewards, less punishments and severe penalty on severe breaking the regulations should be stuck to. Therefore, employees will slowly keep up with the progress of the company. Those breaking the regulations and punished severely can act as a model warning others.
Fourth, increase the welfare of the employees slowly. Weekend banquets, monthly activities will be held to improve the team members’ recognition of fresh employees. Thus, the employees would modify their traditional concept that new employees of the personnel department are too strict and only think for the boss without any consideration of the employees of the same company.
Fifth, establish self image of profession. I will set up and keep a good self image of profession. In addition, I will improve my ability to unite and cohere others so that I can set up a good relationship with others.
“管理”一共两个字，一个是“管”，一个是“理”。作为管理者，既不能“不管”，
也不能“不理”，要“管事理人”。
As an administrator, he should attend to daily affairs and communicate with employees effectively and convincingly.
希望我的加入及管理风格可以让团队成员在工作的同时就接受高效成熟的专业化培训，
使得大家都能够在最短的时间里成长为团队的中坚力量！最终达到每人都能以饱满的热
情，用新颖独特，且切实可行的创意和高效执行力配合公司完成共同的目标。
?I sincerely hope that I can have the team members get highly professional training and become the elites in their positions with my professional knowledge if it is my honor to be employed. I wish every one should cooperate with each other and accomplish the goal of the company successfully.
倒不是说她很有可能逃跑，因为看起来帝基特还是知道亲疏远近的。
Not that she would be likely too, for it seems Digit knows on which side her brioche is buttered
中国愿意在平等互利基础上，同所有国家发展友好关系，不以意识形态和社会制度定亲疏。
China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system.
它会激活前额脑区底部。
我们判断和别人关系的亲疏，靠的就是大脑的这个区域。
It activates a region of the brain called the orbitofrontal cortex, which distinguishes feelings for people with whom we have a close relationship from others.
更多双语例句