太行山连巴岭铅锌矿床地质特征及成矿物质来源

基金项目：中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212011121076)

摘要：连巴岭铅锌矿区位于太行山北段涞源花岗岩体北侧与阜平变质核杂岩北西缘，产于乌龙沟—上黄旗深断裂带的次级平行断裂带中。分析了连巴岭铅锌矿床成矿地质背景、矿相学特征以及控矿构造，对比研究了矿石SPb同位素组成，探讨了成矿物质来源，建立了成矿模式。结果表明：金属硫化物样品(黄铁矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿)的硫同位素组成为(-2.7～6.9)×10-3，多数集中在(-1～3)×10-3，平均值为11×10-3，与地幔硫接近；硫同位素组成频率直方图呈塔式分布，表明其深源岩浆硫的特点；矿石铅同位素组成稳定，花岗岩是主要的成矿母岩，成矿物质具有壳幔混合特点，并来源于上地幔—下地壳物质部分熔融形成的岩浆。连巴岭铅锌矿床成矿模式为：岩层因受到多种构造应力的影响而发生变形和破裂；中生代燕山运动引起次一级的褶曲断裂和节理，使地壳变得更加虚弱；基底的王安镇岩体发生断裂，花岗岩体乘机侵入；然后酸性、中性、基性岩脉侵入，由于颗粒细小，近于致密，渗透性差的中性岩脉起到屏蔽、遮挡作用，使得含矿热液与白云岩发生交代作用而聚集堆积形成矿体。

关键词：铅锌矿床；成矿模式；控矿构造；围岩蚀变；地质特征；SPb同位素；连巴岭；太行山

中图分类号：P618.4文献标志码：A

Geological Characteristics and Their Oreforming Material Sources of

Lianbaling PbZn Deposit in Taihang Mountains

WU Jilian, LIU Jianchao, ZHANG Haidong, HOU Leiming, ZHENG Lihong

(School of Earth Science and Resources, Changan University, Xian 710054, Shaanxi, China)

Abstract: Lianbaling PbZn mining area, which is located in the northern of Laiyuan granite rock and the northwest of Fuping metamorphic core complex from the northern Taihang Mountains, develops in secondary parallel fault zone of WulonggouShanghuangqi deep fault zone. Oreforming geological background, characteristics of ore microscopy and orecontrolling structure of Lianbaling PbZn deposit were analyzed, and SPb isotopic compositions of ore were studied, and oreforming material sources were discussed, and metallogenic model was built. The results show that S isotopic compositions of metal sulfides (pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena) are (-276.9)×10-3 with the average of 1.1×10-3 and mainly (-13)×10-3, and are close to mantle sulfur; the distribution of frequency histogram of S isotopic composition, which is the type of tower, presents the characteristic of deep origin magma sulfur; Pb isotopic composition of ore is stable, granite is the main orecontrolling mother rock, and metallogenic material, which has the characteristic of crustmantle mixing, comes from magma formed by partial melting of the upper mantlelower crust. The metallogenic model of Lianbaling PbZn deposit includes that the strata deform and rupture because of various tectonic stresses; Mesozoic Yanshanian movement causes secondary fold fracture and joint, and makes the crust more fragile; Wanganzhen complex of batholith ruptures, and then granite body intrudes; acidic, intermediate and mafic dykes later intrude, and intermediate dyke with low permeability has shield and shelter effects because of fine particle close to the density, and causes the metasomatism between orebearing hydrothermal solution and dolomite in order to aggregate and accumulate the orebody.

Key words: PbZn deposit; metallogenic model; orecontrolling structure; wallrock alteration; geological characteristic; SPb isotope; Lianbaling; Taihang Mountains

0引言

连巴岭铅锌矿位于太行山北段河北省涞源县境内，产于涞源花岗岩体的北部边缘、乌龙沟—上黄旗深断裂带的次级平行断裂带中。从20世纪五六十年代开始，很多学者对连巴岭铅锌矿进行了大量的找矿地质勘探和科学研究工作,认为该区深部找矿应注重脉型铅锌多金属矿的控制评价，以小岩体为主要靶区，以斑岩型、矽卡岩型等新类型矿化或矿种为主要突破［1］，注重深部铜、铅锌矿的勘查和沿岩体接触带新矿体的找寻［2］，并提出该区多金属矿床成矿受3个因素的控制：①王安镇杂岩体提供了丰富的热源、水源和矿源；②岩体周围的中元古界雾迷山组白云岩是使矿质产生沉淀沉积的主要因素；③近SN向断裂是重要的控矿构造［3］。这些研究主要集中在找矿和控矿因素方面，但对成矿物质来源没有进行深入研究。笔者在连巴岭铅锌矿床地质特征综合研究的基础上,结合矿相学特征，对矿区矿石SPb同位素进行系统研究，探讨其成矿物质来源,建立成矿模式。

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