基于聚光太阳能热发电的联合循环发电系统

摘 要：针对我国西北沙漠地区太阳能资源丰富但缺水严重的问题，提出了一种间冷回热太阳能燃气轮机与卡林那相结合的联合循环发电系统。通过“比较法”，推导出太阳能热发电效率简明解析式。基于能的品位概念，采用EUD图像分析方法，探讨了新循环各个子过程的不可逆损失，指出了不可逆损失分布特征和太阳能热发电效率提高的潜力。通过分析关键参数对热力性能的影响，揭示了这种太阳能联合循环的热力特性规律。另外，针对传统太阳能热发电系统在低辐照时不发电的现状，提出了一种由太阳能燃气轮机循环、朗肯循环、卡林那循环组成的联合循环发电系统，并提出了一种新的运行调变策略，根据太阳辐照强度的变化切换系统流程，从而实现低辐照发电。以新疆地区的气象条件为例，研究了系统四季典型日的变辐照运行性能。

关键词：太阳能热发电 热力循环 卡琳娜循环

Abstract：In order to conserve water for solar thermal power plants in arid area， a new solar tower thermal power system integrating the intercooled gas turbine top cycle and the Kalina bottoming cycle is proposed. The thermodynamic performance of the proposed system is investigated， and the irreversibility of energy conversion is disclosed using the energy-utilization diagram method. A concise analytical formula of solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is developed. As a result， the peak solar-to-electric efficiency of the proposed system is 27.5% at a gas turbine inlet temperature of 1000 °C under the designed solar direct normal irradiance of 800 W/m2. Compared with a conventional solar power tower plant， the proposed integrated system conserves approximately 69% of consumed water. On the other hand， a new solar-driven triple cycle is proposed to allow power generation during low insolation periods. A new operational strategy was presented to generate electricity during low isolation period without the backup of fossil fuel. The off-design performance was investigated and the irreversibility was disclosed with the aid of the energy-utilization diagram method. Thus， the proposed system can utilize low isolation to generate electricity.

Key Words：Concentrating solar power；Power cycle；Kalina cycle

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